These include soft tissue lesions such as salivary duct cyst mucous retention cyst. A wellcircumscribed, heartshaped, midline radiolucency that is interradicular in location between the roots of vital maxillary incisor teeth is virtually pathognomonic for nasopalatine duct cyst. Several authors have reported different dimensions of radiolucency as diagnostic of the cyst. The nasopalatine duct cyst npdc is a developmental cyst of the anterior palates midline, usually presenting as an asymptomatic swelling located just behind the maxillary central incisors. The nasopalatine duct cyst npdc was first described in 1914 by meyer 2. Nasopalatine duct cyst med oral patol oral cir bucal. Nasopalatine duct cysts are cysts which form in the incisor canal region of the maxilla and originate in the nasopalatine duct, or its remnants. The radiographic and histological findings correlated with that of npdc fig. Rarely, may develop within incisive papilla, the anterior soft tissue protruberance that overlies the incisive foramen.
Incisive canal cysts, also known as nasopalatine duct cysts npdc, are developmental, nonneoplastic cysts arising from degeneration of nasopalatine ducts. It is usually asymptomatic, but may sometimes produce an elevation in the anterior portion of the. Anatomy and morphology of the nasopalatine canal using. Jan 25, 2015 nasopalatine duct cyst was described by meyer for the first time in 1914 1,2.
The nasopalatine cyst is the most common epithelial and nonodontogenic cyst of the maxilla. Extensive nasopalatine cyst with nasal involvement. A 35yearold man was endodontically treated for radiolucency in relation to the roots of maxillary central incisors as it was a provisionally diagnosed case of radicular cyst. The nasopalatine duct cyst npdc was first described by meyer in 1914. Case report keratocystic odontogenic tumor simulating. Pdf a variant of nasopalatine duct cyst researchgate.
Nasopalatine duct cyst is a common developmental, epithelial, benign concancerous cysts that are considered to be the most common 32. Mar 04, 2010 nasopalatine duct cysts npdcs, also known as incisive canal cysts, are the most common nonodontogenic cyst of the gnathic bones. The organization and function of the vomeronasal system. The nasopalatine duct cyst npdc occurs in the median of the palate, usually anterior to first molars. Enucleation introduction nasopalatine duct cyst was first described by meyer in 1914. Aparna, manikkath and chakravarthy, arumugam and acharya, shashirashmi and raghu, radhakrishnan 2014 a clinical report demonstrating the significance of distinguishing a nasopalatine duct cyst from a radicular cyst. Nasopalatine duct cyst presents in the fourth to sixth decades of life with a male predilection. It is considered the most common nonodontogenic cyst and develops only in the midline anterior maxilla.
The world health organization classifies the npdc as a developmental, epithelial, nonodontogenic cystic lesion of the maxilla. Diagnosis and surgical management of nasopalatine duct. The cyst is commonly asymptomatic and associated with swelling that usually located in the midline of anterior palate. Abbassi s, kia ah, hemmat s 2015 nasopalatine duct cyst. The nasopalatine duct cyst is the most common nonodontogenic cyst of the oral cavity, 3 occurring in about 1% of the population. Trauma, infection, and mucous retention within associated salivary gland ducts have all been suggested as possible pathogenetic factors. Nasopalatine duct cyst is the most common nonodontogeniccyst of the oral cavity occring in general population.
We presented a 46yearold male with nasopalatine duct cyst. Nasopalatine duct cyst, also termed as incisive canal cyst, arises from embryogenic remnants of nasopalatine duct, the communication between the nasal cavity and anterior maxilla in the developing fetus. Most of these cysts develop in the midline of anterior maxilla near the incisive foramen 3. The canal of each side courses forward obliquely, converging toward the nasal septum, and then descends in a. If kcot is localized between the roots of teeth, it may simulate lateral periodontal or lateral radicular cysts. A retrospective and followup study of 35 cases of nasopalatine cysts was performed. The embryology of the canal has led to interesting theories explaining its function. Cysts can be congenital but are usually acquired, the most common. Presentation may be asymptomatic or include swelling, pain, and drainage from the hard palate. Additionally large unilocular kcots and cystic ameloblastoma are indistinguishable on xray 3, 68, 11. Histopathologic examinations help us to reach the correct diagnosis and disburden us from unnecessary treatments. A 59yearold white female patient was attended by the oral pathology service to evaluate painful swelling in the anterior palate. The nasopalatine duct cyst npdc is a developmental, nonneoplastic cyst arising from degeneration of nasopalatine duct and is considered the most common nonodontogenic maxillary cyst 1. At present, according to the classification of the world health organization.
Excerpt nasopalatine duct cysts are cysts which form in the incisor canal region of the maxilla and originate in the nasopalatine duct, or its remnants. The cyst originates from epithelial remnants from the nasopalatine duct. Nasopalatine duct cyst occurs in the median of the palate. Body nasopalatine duct cyst modified medcrave online. Cysts in maxillar, mandibular and perioral regions vary greatly in histogenesis, incidence, behavior and treatment. Extensive nasopalatine cyst with nasal involvement revista.
During embryonic development, the nasopalatine duct connects the oral and nasal cavities. The cyst is believed to arise from rests of the nasopalatine duct epithelium. This cysts are usually central or unilateral with no prevalence of side occurrence. Case report keratocystic odontogenic tumor simulating lateral. E remnants of the nasopalatine duct in the form of epithelial cords, eventually presenting on the inside of the duct. Some doubt the existence of median palatine cyst as a distinct entity and characterize all nonodontogenic cysts of the midline maxilla regardless of anterior or midline location, as nasopalatine duct cysts. It is unique in that it develops in only a single location the midline. The retrospective part of the investigation comprised clinical, radiological. The nasopalatine duct cyst occurs in the nasopalatine or incisive canal, and it may be difficult to decide on a radiograph whether radiolucency in that area is a cyst or a large incisive foramen. Nasopalatine duct cysts nasopalatine duct cysts goodman, moses 19360201 00.
The nasopalatine duct can be divided into two types. Both patients did well with no evidence of recurrence. A clinical report demonstrating the significance of. Surgical enucleation of the cyst is the main stay of treatment. An often enclosed passage or channel for conveying a substance, especially a liquid or gas. Huge nasopalatine duct cyst treatment with the help of cystectomy. Nasopalatine duct cyst, also termed as incisive canal cyst, arises from embryogenic remnants of nasopalatine duct, the communication between the. A developmental cyst, the nasopalatine duct cyst is believed to arise from epithelial remnants of the.
The nasopalatine duct cyst npdc is considered to be the most common nonodontogenic cyst in the mouth. Since the palatal swelling persisted, the lesion was reevaluated using relevant diagnostic aids and a diagnosis of nasopalatine duct cyst npdc was made, which was missed during the initial assessment. It is one of the most common nonodon togenic cysts of. Nasopalatine duct cyst is the most common nonodontogenic cyst of the jaws. Therefore, nasopalatine duct cyst, is one of the differential diagnoses of unilacular radiolucencies in the anterior region of maxilla.
It is one of the most common non odontogenic cysts. Here we report the case of a 16 year old female patient with npdc. Surgical treatment was carried out under local anesthesia and comprised the dissection and removal of the cyst adopting a usually palatine approach. As the palatal processes elevate and fuse in the midline, epithelium that remains in the oral cavity forms this cyst. This cyst is the most common nonodontogenic, developmentalevolutionary cyst of the oral cavity 3 and is also known as the incisive canal cyst, anterior palatine cyst and the median anterior maxillary cyst 4. The nasopalatine duct cyst was first described by meyer in 1914 1.
A nasopalatine duct cyst in a 7yearold child article pdf available in pediatric dentistry 306. Evoked potentials as neurophysiologic tools to evaluate stroke citation. Clinical, tomographic and histopathological aspects of the. Within this canal lies the nasopalatine nerve and the vascular anastomosis between the greater palatine and sphenopalatine arteries. Ct through the hard palate demonstrates a sharply marginated cystic space in the region of the incisive canal, consistent with a nasopalatine duct cyst. Nasopalatine duct cysts are the most common of developmental nonodontogenic cysts in the oral cavity and represent 10% of maxillary cysts. Nasopalatine duct cyst definition of nasopalatine duct cyst. Radiographically, it may often appear as a heartshaped radiolucency. The nasopalatine duct cyst npdc represents about 1. Presentation may be asymptomatic or include swelling, pain, and drainage.
An erroneous interpretation of cystic radiolucency in relation to maxillary central incisors can often lead to inappropriate treatment planning. It arises from epithelial remnants of the nasopalatine duct or incisive canal. The incisive canal, also known as the nasopalatine canal, is an interosseous conduit through the anterior maxilla connecting the oral and nasal cavities. Nasopalatine duct cyst occurs in approximately 1% of the population. D partial patent nasopalatine duct with oral opening. Nasopalatine duct cyst is a developmental, nonodontogenic cyst of jaw. Nasopalatine nerve an overview sciencedirect topics.
Nasopalatine duct cyst article about nasopalatine duct cyst. Nasopalatine duct cyst article about nasopalatine duct. A developmental cyst, the nasopalatine duct cyst is believed to arise from epithelial remnants of the nasopalatine duct, the communication. Other names were also used for the lesion such as maxillary midline cyst, anterior midline cyst, and incisive duct cyst and anterior middle palatine cyst. It is also known by other names such as anterior middle cyst, maxillary midline cyst, anterior middle palatine cyst, and incisor duct cyst 3. Nasopalatine duct cyst definition of nasopalatine duct. Introduction a cyst is defined as a pathological cavity lined by a membrane and may contain liquid or semisolid material 3.
It is considered the most common nonodontogenic cyst and develops only in the. When a kcot develops in the maxillary midline that may be misdiagnosed as a nasopalatine duct cyst. It arises within the nasopalatine canal and often presents as a painless swelling in the area of the incisive papilla. The clinical examination revealed fluctuant swellings of the anterior palate, without pain, 4. Nasopalatine duct definition of nasopalatine duct by. Aug 30, 2017 the cause of nasopalatine duct cyst is essentially unknown. Anatomy and morphology of the nasopalatine canal using cone. Nasopalatine duct article about nasopalatine duct by the. Nasopalatine duct cyst arises from embryologic remnants of nasopalatine duct. Diagnosis and surgical management of nasopalatine duct cysts. Nasopalatine duct cyst ddmfr oral and maxillofacial radiology. Nasopalatine duct cysts usually present as unilateral pathology, but they may also occur bilaterally approximately 0. Sep 29, 2016 this elderly denture wearing patient had a swelling in the mid line of the hard palate, and was diagnosed as a rare nasopalatine duct cyst, histo pathologica.
These lesions, also known by other names such as anterior middle cyst, maxillary midline cyst, anterior middle palatine cyst, and incisor duct cyst. Pdf nasopalatine duct cysts are the most common of developmental nonodontogenic cysts in the oral cavity and represent 10% of maxillary cysts. The nasopalatine duct cyst npdc is the most common of the nonodontogenic cyst of the jaws. Nasopalatine duct definition of nasopalatine duct by the. Nasopalatine duct cysts are developmental, epithelial, nonneoplastic, nonodontogenic cysts and known to be the most common type of nonodontogenic cysts 7. The cyst is so common, in fact, that it will affect approximately one out of every one hundred persons. It often appears between the roots of the maxillary central incisors. It is known to be the most frequently occurring non odontogenic cyst of the oral cavity. These cysts are usually asymptomatic, but the most commonly reported clinical symptom is swelling in the anterior part of the palate, just behind the palatal papilla. Pdf nasopalatine duct cyst is an intraossseous developmental cyst.
The treatment is enucleation of the cystic tissue, and only in rare cases a marsupialisation needs to be performed. Nasopalatine duct cysts npdcs, also known as incisive canal cysts, are the most common nonodontogenic cyst of the gnathic bones. The cyst arises from epithelial remnants from the nasopalatine duct. The cells may be activated spontaneously during life or are eventually stimulated by the irritating action of various agents infection, etc.
A nasopalatine duct or incisive canal cyst is the most common nonodontogenic cyst of the oral cavity and occurs in 1% of the population. Nasopalatine duct cyst also known as nasopalatine cyst is a developmental, epithelial, nonneoplastic cyst that is considered to be the most common nonodontogenic cyst in the maxillofacial region. Nasopalatine duct cyst ddmfr oral and maxillofacial. The nasopalatine duct cyst npdc was first ever described by meyer in 1914 1, 2. According to shear and speight,7 a radiographic shadow. It is usually asymptomatic, but may sometimes produce an elevation in the anterior portion of the palate. Endodontic diagnosis is challenging and depends on the organisation of information from the patient history, clinical examination and analysis of the pulp, radiographic and histopathological assessment. A, b and c axial, sagittal and coronal reconstructions slices. Ct analysis of a complicated nasopalatine duct cyst. This elderly denture wearing patient had a swelling in the mid line of the hard palate, and was diagnosed as a rare nasopalatine duct cyst, histo pathologica. The persistence of ductal epithelium leads to formation of cyst.
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